251-54. The origin of the Kassites is uncertain, though a number of theories have been advanced. There was an intensive connection between the ruling dynasty and the city of Nippur. What Caused The Bronze Age Collapse Of Civilization? (5 Theories) Some lexicographers associate the "land of Cush" of Genesis 2:13 with the Kassites (Akkadian, kassu ), a people of the plateau of central Asia mentioned in ancient cuneiform inscriptions but whose history remains quite obscure. Its about events 700-1000 years later. G. Dosch and K. Deller, Die Familie Kizzuk - sieben Kassitengenerationen in Temtena und uriniwe, in M. A. Morrison, and D. I. Owen, eds., Studies on the Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the Hurrians in Honor of Ernest R. Lacheman on his 75th Birthday, Winona Lake, 1981, pp. The Kassites entered into Babylon after the Old Babylonian Empire and established their rule around 1531 B.C. 283304, Armstrong, James A.. "15. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Krishna was at once an incarnation of Vishnu and Shiva. The only named ruler of Bt-Hamban bore the Kassite anthroponym (originally title) Ianz. (1969): 310-348, Kaniuth, Kai. Idem, rev. The Kassites: The History and Legacy of the Ancient Civilization that Hittites, Kassites and Mitanni Children's Middle Eastern History Books, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. On the other hand, they are not underrepresented in the ration lists, which points to their presence in the lower echelons of the society. The art of the Kassite period is best known for a type of stone monument known as a kudurru ( 1985.45 ). Because I thought I believe so different from everyone else. Idem, Peoples from the Iranian Plateau in Babylonia during the Second Millennium B.C., Iran 25, 1987, pp. During subsequent raids, Elamite troops stole numerous monuments from sanctuaries across southern Mesopotamia and carried them back to Susa, contributing to . Sulaymaniyah Museum, Detail, facade of Inanna's Temple at Uruk, Kassite, 15th century BCE. Early on, refurbishments were conducted of the various religious and administrative buildings, the first of these datable to Kurigalzu I. The first place to start when trying to locate the Garden of Eden is in the Bible. Remember that Hebrews existed before the Egyptian captivity. This capital, which was located in the far north of Babylonia, included a big palace and a temple with a high tower of the ziggurat type. (paternal name) seem to be the only ones which resemble names with relevance to Kassites (cf. See also IRAN vii. 7 f.) maintains that (1) the real owner of the country was the king, who granted land, and at least at the beginning of the Kassite period there was no land tenure outside of crown grant; (2) persons holding landed property had to perform certain duties to the king; exemption was possible only by royal decree. Over the centuries, however, the Kassites were absorbed into the Babylonian population. At the peak of their power the Kassites, under Kurigalzu I in the mid 14h century BC, conquered Elam and sacked the capital of Susa. In addition to their original members and dependents, both sectors absorbed prisoners of war, fugitive foreigners. https://www.worldhistory.org/kassite/. 11119, Pedersn, Olof. ''Elamites and Kassites in the Persian Gulf'', Journal of Near Eastern Studies, LXV/2, 111-119.Richardson, S. (2005). During the 16th century BCE. A. H. Podany, The Land of Hana: Kings, Chronology, and Scribal Tradition, Bethesda, Md., 2002. Timeline of Events in Ancient Babylonia - ThoughtCo M. Stol, Studies in Old Babylonian History, Publications de lInstitut historique-archologique nerlandais de Stamboul 40, Leiden, 1975. [35][36], The Elamites of the Shutrukid dynasty conquered Babylonia, carrying away the Statue of Marduk, in the 12th century BC, thus ending the Kassite state. Babylonia under the Kassites 1, edited by Alexa Bartelmus and Katja Sternitzke, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2017, pp. After the Hittites' surgeon Babylon, the Kassites, coming from the North, North-East, settled in Babylon and founded their dynasty by Agum. 210 f.). Copyright 2023 Wisdom-Advices | All rights reserved. The Babylonian Kudurru Inscriptions and their Legal and Sociohistorical Implications". [22] After the Kassite dynasty was overthrown in 1155 BC, the system of provincial administration continued and the country remained united under the succeeding rule, the Second Dynasty of Isin.[23]. 231-246, Brinkman, J. 221-223, Marcus, Michelle I. The city of Babylon had been a city-state in Mesopotamia for many years. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Kassites like never before. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Clayden, Tim. 1, pp. Adad-shuma-usur had the longest reign that lasted for about 30 years. 111, no. KASSITES, a people who probably originated in the Zagros and who ruled Babylonia in the 16th-12th centuries BCE. D. Charpin, propos des rois de Hana, Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brves et Utilitaires, 1995, no. Who Were the Hittites? - Biblical Archaeology Society 3, 1963, pp. "uqamuna und u/imalija." Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Elam is recorded in history at the time of Sagron of Akkad around 2300 BC where it is listed on the Bible Timeline. About 200 additional lexical elements can be gained by the analysis of the more numerous anthroponyms, toponyms, theonyms, and horse names used by the Kassites (see Balkan, 1954, passim; Jaritz, 1957 is to be used with caution). J. Oelsner, Landvergabe im kassitischen Babylonien, in M. A. Dandamayev, I. Gershevitch, H. Klengel, G. Komorczy, M. T. Larsen, and J. N. Postgate, eds., Societies and Languages in the Ancient Near East: Studies in Honour of I.M. And the flood was in 1656 from Adam. [51] It is found in many Moesoptamia cities including Eridu and Tell Khaiber. ; De Smet, 1990; De Graef, 1998, pp. [30] That ruler initiated significant building efforts in Ur and other southern Mesopotamia cities. 135-38. 1, 1989, pp. NON-IRANIAN LANGUAGES (5) KASSITE. 5. The Rise And Fall Of Babylon | Bible.org On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. J. History and Archaeology of the World's Oldest CityBabel/Babylon and Before entering Mesopotamia they were illiterate mountain people speaking a language that is not known today. Large Map of Israel in the First Century - Click around on the Cities. In time, a new dynasty emerged. Temples were granted whole villages with the tillers, who stood in dependency and an exploitation relationship (see Oelsner, 1982a, 1982b). The Kassite Dynasty refurbished many of the ancient Babylonian cities and constructed a new city called Dur Kurigalzu (named after one of the Kassite kings) near modern Baghdad. Kassite period, 14th century BCE. Brill, pp. 163-69). Later rule shifted to the new city of Dur-Kurigalzu. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The Kassites took refuge in the mountains but were brought down and resettled, in standard Assyrian practice, in Hardispi and Bit Kubatti, which were made part of the Arrapha district. . Did Jesus or The New Testament Authors Quote from The Apocryphal Books? Babylonia was next invaded by the Kassites in the period 1550-1169 b.c. Therefore, it cannot be ruled out that this may be just an accident of documentation. 2014. Idem, Materials and Studies for Kassite History, 1: A Catalogue of Cuneiform Sources Pertaining to Specific Monarchs of the Kassite Dynasty, Chicago, 1986. Kassite, member of an ancient people known primarily for establishing the second, or middle, Babylonian dynasty; they were believed (perhaps wrongly) to have originated in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. Radical changes took place in the military organization as well (see Sassmannshausen, 2001, p. 181). And when you look up to the sky and see the sun, the moon and the starsall the heavenly arraydo not be enticed into bowing down to them and worshiping things the LORD your God has apportioned to all the nations under heaven. Genesis 2:14 gives the location of the Garden of Eden. Their main project was the foundation of a new capital, named Dr-Kurigalzu Kurigalzus fortress (this type of place name is common in second- and early first-millennium Babylonia, where the initial component precedes a Kassite anthroponym (e.g., Agum and Burra-sah, Nashef, 1982, pp. AbydosDynasty A. Mesopotamian Timeline - Umb.edu 41, no. In the time of Old Babylonia they were hired mercenaries for the state and also formed bands of outlaw rebels against the state. But how can people not see Ahmose named her son Ahmose because she pulled him from the water. Babylonia under the Kassites 2, edited by Alexa Bartelmus and Katja Sternitzke, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2017, pp. Scholars today are still debating the historical identity of the Cushites. Sassmannshausen, 1999, p. 413, n. 22). What Is The Eye Of The Needle (Matthew 19:23-24 / Mark 10:25)? 11, no. . Prof. David Goldenberg Categories: Beha'alotcha Old Arab Woman, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, 1882. Their Akkadian name Ka originates from a Kassite form *G/Kal- (cf. In the period . Mesopotamia - HISTORY (Kassites). In most of the pertinent filiations the father has a Kassite, and the son a Babylonian, name. The work at Isin was initated by Kurigalzu I and continued by Kadashman-Enlil I, and after a lapse, by Adad-shuma-usur and Meli-Shipak II. The inscription is believed to be between 1400 1200 BCE, right around the time where Israel was in captivity or shortly after leaving captivity. Where did the Kassite people originally come from? Your email address will not be published. Map Store - Download High-Res Maps and Images, 2023, Bible History | All rights reserved, Middle Babylonian Period (1595 - 1000 BC). The horse, the sacred animal of the Kassites, probably first came into use in Babylonia at this time. Other revealing information is provided by the Amarna letters, which include correspondence from the Kassite Babylonian kings to the Egyptian pharaohs of the mid-fourteenth century BC. The History of Rome - Brief Overview Of Roman History from Her Dawn to the First Punic War. [34] Being in close proximity the Assyrians and Kassites often came into political and military conflict over the next few centuries. Since they had chariots, they were not nomadic, but were fully settled in segregated rural encampments. 219-45. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. MOSAIC GLASS FROM HASANLU, MARLIK, AND TELL AL-RIMAH. Journal of Glass Studies, vol. 159-70. Around 1500 BC. Press, 1997, Kjaerum, F. SEALS OF DILMUN-TYPE FROM FAILAKA, KUWAIT. Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, vol. 1465 BCE (Brinkman, 1972, p. 274; Edens 1994, p. 210). Kassites are recorded in Nuzi during the 15th century BCE (see Brinkman, 1976-80, pp. Moses' two brothers, Korah and Aaron, were Horite . 5 (197680, Miller, Jared L.. "3. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. There were 36 kings in this dynasty ruling 576 years and 9 months. and ruled the area for 576 years. In the image below the reasoning behind the test is show. The Kassite kings were called, by themselves and their colleagues in other Near Eastern states, kings of the land of Kar(an)dunia, the latter being a term for Babylonia that may have been Kassite in origin (del Monte and Tischler, 1978, pp. This negative find, compared with the hypothetical appearance of Kassite names in the documents from Old Babylonian Susa, may strengthen the case for an eastern origin of the Kassites. "Kassitisch und Hurro-Urartisch. ; Cancik-Kirschbaum, 1996, no. Who Were the Assyrians in the Bible? - Synonym The Kassites, the ancient Near Eastern people who seized power in Babylonia following the fall of the first Babylonian Dynasty and subsequently went on to rule it for some three hundred and fifty years during the late bronze age, possessed a pantheon of gods but few are known beyond the laconic mention in the theophoric element of a name. Aarhus Univ. 17 f.). A terminus post quem for the Kassites penetration into the Middle Euphrates region and Upper Mesopotamia in general can be deduced from the absence of Kassite names.in the rich documentation from early Old Babylonian Mari, Tuttul, Tall Lln, and Chaghar Bazar. Kassite kings ruled for about 400 years. They are recorded as weavers and other textile workers, but are underrepresented in most of the other handicrafts (Sassmannshausen, 2001, p. xv). "18. Learn how your comment data is processed. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. West of Edin: Tell al-Deylam and the Babylonian City of Dilbat The Biblical Archaeologist , Vol. Astour, Michael C. The Name of the Ninth Kassite Ruler. Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. A. 31-51. The office of the governor was secular, but he could also serve as the high priest of the Enlil temple (Ekur) of Nippur. J. van Dijk, Die dynastischen Heiraten zwischen Kassiten und Elamern: eine verhngnisvolle Politik, Orientalia, N.S. (2011, August 03). First mentioned in the Bible is the record of Genesis 10:8-10 which names Nimrod, the grandson of Ham, as the founder of the city in the dim prehistoric past. [21] At the site of Isin, which had been abandoned after the time of Samsu-iluna, major rebuilding work occurred on the religious district including the temple of Gula. 6969, Albrecht Goetze, "The Kassites and Near Eastern Chronology,", This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 22:04. According to history, what we do know is that they first appeared as a military force in the time of Samsuiluna (1749-1712 BC), Hammurapi's successor, but that is all we know about them until the time that they established a dynasty in Babylonia, around 1595 BC. Moses birth was 80 years before the Exodus in 1392bce or 2528 from Adam. Babylonia under the Kassites 2, edited by Alexa Bartelmus and Katja Sternitzke, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2017, pp. For a time in the early reign of Tukulti-Ninurta I Assyria gained ascendancy, until the Elamites under Kidin-Hutran III intervened. Some kudurrus are kept in the Louvre in Paris and others in the National Museum of Iraq. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. They were conquered by Alexander the Great but later regained their independence. Aktuelle Forschungsprobleme in der vorderasiatischen Archologie, Hildesheim, 1995, pp. Ancient Babylon, the iconic Mesopotamian city that survived for 2,000 What do we know about the Ammonites? - CompellingTruth.org 2, 2021, pp. Therefore it is clear that the King List includes ancestors of the Kassite kings (cf. This God held this position for many years after Kassite rule hand ended. Recall that in the first five books of the Bible idolatry was a major issue. [38], The annals of the Assyrian king Sennacherib detail that on his second, eastern, campaign of 702 BC he campaigned against the land of the Kassites, that being along the along the Diyala River between the Jebel Hamrin and the Darband-i-Khan. ISBN 978-9004430914. Major construction occurred under Kadashman-Enlil, Kudur-Enlil, and Shagarakti-Shuriash, with lesser levels of repair work under Adad-shuma-usur and Meli-Shipak. Idem, The Ethno-Linguistic Character of Northwestern Iran and Kurdistan in the Neo-Assyrian Period, Tel Aviv, 2002. During this time, in the 1300s bce, Assyria broke away from Babylonia. The landed property was only partially in the hands of Kassites.
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